International Rhinologic Society Rhinology 0300-0729 2025 11 30 Targeting highly expressed olfactory receptors to improve olfactory testing and training EN H. Benkhatar Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service d’ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, Le Chesnay-Rocquencourt, France J. Topin Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN) UMR 7272, CNRS, Nice, France I. ParrotIBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France and Odore Scola, Mauguio, France S. Fiorucci Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN) UMR 7272, CNRS, Nice, France Journal Article 3340 10.4193/Rhin25.210 Olfactory testing and training constitute important foundations of diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients presenting with olfactory loss. The precise repertoire of human olfactory receptors engaged by standard odorants in olfactory detection thresholds, identification tests, and training is surprisingly under-investigated, limiting our understanding of these methods.